diff --git a/topola/src/compass.rs b/topola/src/compass.rs
index 3025ef2..e5d5b96 100644
--- a/topola/src/compass.rs
+++ b/topola/src/compass.rs
@@ -49,15 +49,6 @@ impl<T: Copy + PartialOrd + Signed + Zero> CompassDirection<T> for CardinalDirec
         }
     }
 
-    fn turn_clockwise(self) -> Self {
-        match self {
-            Self::East => Self::South,
-            Self::North => Self::East,
-            Self::West => Self::North,
-            Self::South => Self::West,
-        }
-    }
-
     fn turn_counterclockwise(self) -> Self {
         match self {
             Self::East => Self::North,
@@ -66,6 +57,15 @@ impl<T: Copy + PartialOrd + Signed + Zero> CompassDirection<T> for CardinalDirec
             Self::South => Self::East,
         }
     }
+
+    fn turn_clockwise(self) -> Self {
+        match self {
+            Self::East => Self::South,
+            Self::North => Self::East,
+            Self::West => Self::North,
+            Self::South => Self::West,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Serialize)]
diff --git a/topola/src/layout/infringement.rs b/topola/src/layout/infringement.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1df5d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/topola/src/layout/infringement.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Topola contributors
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0
+
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+
+use derive_getters::Getters;
+use derive_more::Constructor;
+use rstar::{
+    AABB, RTree,
+    primitives::{GeomWithData, Rectangle},
+};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::board::Board;
+use crate::primitives::PrimitiveId;
+
+use super::compounds::{ComponentId, NetId};
+use super::primitives::{JointId, PolygonId, SegmentId, ViaId};
+
+#[derive(
+    Clone, Copy, Constructor, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, Getters, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Serialize,
+)]
+pub struct Infringement<I = PrimitiveId, E = PrimitiveId> {
+    infringer: I,
+    infringee: E,
+}
+
+mod sealed {
+    use super::*;
+
+    // Sealed trait to prevent having our `From` implementations below collide
+    // with an existing blanket implementation.
+    pub trait IntoPrimitiveId: Into<PrimitiveId> {}
+
+    impl IntoPrimitiveId for JointId {}
+    impl IntoPrimitiveId for SegmentId {}
+    impl IntoPrimitiveId for ViaId {}
+    impl IntoPrimitiveId for PolygonId {}
+}
+
+impl<I: sealed::IntoPrimitiveId, E: sealed::IntoPrimitiveId> From<Infringement<I, E>>
+    for Infringement<I, PrimitiveId>
+where
+    E: sealed::IntoPrimitiveId,
+{
+    fn from(from: Infringement<I, E>) -> Self {
+        Infringement {
+            infringer: from.infringer,
+            infringee: from.infringee.into(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<I: sealed::IntoPrimitiveId, E: sealed::IntoPrimitiveId> From<Infringement<I, E>>
+    for Infringement
+{
+    fn from(from: Infringement<I, E>) -> Self {
+        Infringement {
+            infringer: from.infringer.into(),
+            infringee: from.infringee.into(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<I: sealed::IntoPrimitiveId> From<Infringement<I, PrimitiveId>> for Infringement {
+    fn from(from: Infringement<I, PrimitiveId>) -> Self {
+        Infringement {
+            infringer: from.infringer.into(),
+            infringee: from.infringee,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Board {
+    pub fn locate_component_component_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: ComponentId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<ComponentId, ComponentId>> + '_ {
+        let mut infringee_components = BTreeSet::new();
+
+        for infringement in self.locate_component_primitive_infringements(infringer) {
+            let Some(infringee_component) = self.primitive_component(*infringement.infringee()) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+
+            if infringee_component == infringer {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            infringee_components.insert(infringee_component);
+        }
+
+        infringee_components
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(move |infringee| Infringement::new(infringer, infringee))
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_component_primitive_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: ComponentId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement> + '_ {
+        let component = self.layout().component(infringer);
+
+        let joint_infringements = component
+            .joints
+            .iter()
+            .copied()
+            .flat_map(|joint_id| self.locate_joint_infringements(joint_id).map(Into::into));
+        let segment_infringements = component.segments.iter().copied().flat_map(|segment_id| {
+            self.locate_segment_infringements(segment_id)
+                .map(Into::into)
+        });
+        let via_infringements = component
+            .vias
+            .iter()
+            .copied()
+            .flat_map(|via_id| self.locate_via_infringements(via_id).map(Into::into));
+        let polygon_infringements = component.polygons.iter().copied().flat_map(|polygon_id| {
+            self.locate_polygon_infringements(polygon_id)
+                .map(Into::into)
+        });
+
+        joint_infringements
+            .chain(segment_infringements)
+            .chain(via_infringements)
+            .chain(polygon_infringements)
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_joint_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: JointId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<JointId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_joint_joint_infringements(infringer)
+            .map(Into::into)
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_joint_segment_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_joint_via_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_joint_polygon_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_joint_joint_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: JointId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<JointId, JointId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_same_infringements(infringer, self.layout().joints_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_joint_segment_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: JointId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<JointId, SegmentId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().segments_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_joint_via_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: JointId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<JointId, ViaId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().vias_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_joint_polygon_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: JointId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<JointId, PolygonId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().polygons_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_segment_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: SegmentId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<SegmentId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_segment_joint_infringements(infringer)
+            .map(Into::into)
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_segment_segment_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_segment_via_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_segment_polygon_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_segment_joint_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: SegmentId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<SegmentId, JointId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().joints_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_segment_segment_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: SegmentId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<SegmentId, SegmentId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_same_infringements(infringer, self.layout().segments_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_segment_via_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: SegmentId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<SegmentId, ViaId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().vias_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_segment_polygon_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: SegmentId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<SegmentId, PolygonId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().polygons_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_via_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: ViaId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<ViaId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_via_joint_infringements(infringer)
+            .map(Into::into)
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_via_segment_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+            .chain(self.locate_via_via_infringements(infringer).map(Into::into))
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_via_polygon_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_via_joint_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: ViaId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<ViaId, JointId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().joints_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_via_segment_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: ViaId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<ViaId, SegmentId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().segments_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_via_via_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: ViaId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<ViaId, ViaId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_same_infringements(infringer, self.layout().vias_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_via_polygon_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: ViaId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<ViaId, PolygonId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().polygons_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_polygon_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: PolygonId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<PolygonId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_polygon_joint_infringements(infringer)
+            .map(Into::into)
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_polygon_segment_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_polygon_via_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+            .chain(
+                self.locate_polygon_polygon_infringements(infringer)
+                    .map(Into::into),
+            )
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_polygon_joint_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: PolygonId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<PolygonId, JointId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().joints_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_polygon_segment_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: PolygonId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<PolygonId, SegmentId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().segments_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_polygon_via_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: PolygonId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<PolygonId, ViaId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_cross_infringements(infringer, self.layout().vias_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    pub fn locate_polygon_polygon_infringements(
+        &self,
+        infringer: PolygonId,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<PolygonId, PolygonId>> + '_ {
+        self.locate_same_infringements(infringer, self.layout().polygons_rtree().as_ref())
+    }
+
+    fn locate_cross_infringements<
+        'a,
+        I: Copy + Into<PrimitiveId> + 'a,
+        E: Copy + Into<PrimitiveId>,
+    >(
+        &'a self,
+        infringer: I,
+        infringee_tree: &'a RTree<GeomWithData<Rectangle<[i64; 3]>, E>>,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<I, E>> + 'a {
+        infringee_tree
+            .locate_in_envelope_intersecting(&self.primitive_bbox_envelope(infringer.into()))
+            .map(|infringee_geom| infringee_geom.data)
+            .filter(move |&infringee| {
+                !Self::nets_match(
+                    self.primitive_net(infringer.into()),
+                    self.primitive_net(infringee.into()),
+                )
+            })
+            .map(move |infringee| Infringement {
+                infringer,
+                infringee,
+            })
+    }
+
+    fn locate_same_infringements<'a, I: Copy + PartialEq + Into<PrimitiveId> + 'a>(
+        &'a self,
+        infringer: I,
+        rtree: &'a RTree<GeomWithData<Rectangle<[i64; 3]>, I>>,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = Infringement<I, I>> + 'a {
+        rtree
+            .locate_in_envelope_intersecting(&self.primitive_bbox_envelope(infringer.into()))
+            .map(|infringee_geom| infringee_geom.data)
+            .filter(move |&infringee| infringee != infringer)
+            .filter(move |&infringee| {
+                !Self::nets_match(
+                    self.primitive_net(infringer.into()),
+                    self.primitive_net(infringee.into()),
+                )
+            })
+            .map(move |infringee| Infringement {
+                infringer,
+                infringee,
+            })
+    }
+
+    fn primitive_component(&self, primitive: PrimitiveId) -> Option<ComponentId> {
+        match primitive {
+            PrimitiveId::Joint(joint_id) => self.layout().joint(joint_id).spec.component,
+            PrimitiveId::Segment(segment_id) => self.layout().segment(segment_id).spec.component,
+            PrimitiveId::Via(via_id) => self.layout().via(via_id).spec.component,
+            PrimitiveId::Polygon(polygon_id) => self.layout().polygon(polygon_id).component,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn primitive_bbox_envelope(&self, primitive: PrimitiveId) -> AABB<[i64; 3]> {
+        match primitive {
+            PrimitiveId::Joint(joint_id) => self.layout().joint(joint_id).bbox().aabb(),
+            PrimitiveId::Segment(segment_id) => self.layout().segment(segment_id).bbox().aabb(),
+            PrimitiveId::Via(via_id) => self.layout().via(via_id).bbox().aabb(),
+            PrimitiveId::Polygon(polygon_id) => self.layout().polygon(polygon_id).bbox().aabb(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn primitive_net(&self, primitive: PrimitiveId) -> Option<NetId> {
+        match primitive {
+            PrimitiveId::Joint(joint_id) => self.layout().joint(joint_id).spec.net,
+            PrimitiveId::Segment(segment_id) => self.layout().segment(segment_id).net,
+            PrimitiveId::Via(via_id) => self.layout().via(via_id).net,
+            PrimitiveId::Polygon(polygon_id) => self.layout().polygon(polygon_id).net,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn nets_match(a: Option<NetId>, b: Option<NetId>) -> bool {
+        matches!((a, b), (Some(net_a), Some(net_b)) if net_a == net_b)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/topola/src/layout/mod.rs b/topola/src/layout/mod.rs
index 371734f..a9b3cc8 100644
--- a/topola/src/layout/mod.rs
+++ b/topola/src/layout/mod.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 mod bbox;
 pub mod compounds;
 mod delete;
+mod infringement;
 mod insert;
 mod locate;
 mod modify;
diff --git a/topola/src/layout/primitives/mod.rs b/topola/src/layout/primitives/mod.rs
index 3846b98..e9f7d72 100644
--- a/topola/src/layout/primitives/mod.rs
+++ b/topola/src/layout/primitives/mod.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 //
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0
 
+use derive_more::From;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 mod joint;
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ pub use polygon::*;
 pub use segment::*;
 pub use via::*;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Serialize)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, From, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Serialize)]
 pub enum PrimitiveId {
     Joint(JointId),
     Segment(SegmentId),