actix-web/actix-multipart/src/test.rs

//! Multipart testing utilities.

use std::borrow::Cow;

use actix_web::{
    http::header::{self, HeaderMap},
    web::{BufMut as _, Bytes, BytesMut},
};
use mime::Mime;
use rand::distr::{Alphanumeric, SampleString as _};

const CRLF: &[u8] = b"\r\n";
const CRLF_CRLF: &[u8] = b"\r\n\r\n";
const HYPHENS: &[u8] = b"--";
const BOUNDARY_PREFIX: &str = "------------------------";

/// Multipart form field for test payload generation.
pub struct TestFormField<'a> {
    name: Cow<'a, str>,
    filename: Option<Cow<'a, str>>,
    content_type: Option<Mime>,
    data: Bytes,
}

impl<'a> TestFormField<'a> {
    /// Creates a multipart form field from bytes.
    pub fn new(name: impl Into<Cow<'a, str>>, data: impl Into<Bytes>) -> Self {
        Self {
            name: name.into(),
            filename: None,
            content_type: None,
            data: data.into(),
        }
    }

    /// Sets the field's file name metadata.
    pub fn filename(mut self, filename: impl Into<Cow<'a, str>>) -> Self {
        self.filename = Some(filename.into());
        self
    }

    /// Sets the field's content type metadata.
    pub fn content_type(mut self, content_type: Mime) -> Self {
        self.content_type = Some(content_type);
        self
    }
}

/// Constructs a `multipart/form-data` payload from bytes and metadata.
///
/// Returned header map can be extended or merged with existing headers.
///
/// Multipart boundary used is a random alphanumeric string.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use actix_multipart::test::create_form_data_payload_and_headers;
/// use actix_web::{test::TestRequest, web::Bytes};
/// use memchr::memmem::find;
///
/// let (body, headers) = create_form_data_payload_and_headers(
///     "foo",
///     Some("lorem.txt".to_owned()),
///     Some(mime::TEXT_PLAIN_UTF_8),
///     Bytes::from_static(b"Lorem ipsum."),
/// );
///
/// assert!(find(&body, b"foo").is_some());
/// assert!(find(&body, b"lorem.txt").is_some());
/// assert!(find(&body, b"text/plain; charset=utf-8").is_some());
/// assert!(find(&body, b"Lorem ipsum.").is_some());
///
/// let req = TestRequest::default();
///
/// // merge header map into existing test request and set multipart body
/// let req = headers
///     .into_iter()
///     .fold(req, |req, hdr| req.insert_header(hdr))
///     .set_payload(body)
///     .to_http_request();
///
/// assert!(
///     req.headers()
///         .get("content-type")
///         .unwrap()
///         .to_str()
///         .unwrap()
///         .starts_with("multipart/form-data; boundary=\"")
/// );
/// ```
pub fn create_form_data_payload_and_headers(
    name: &str,
    filename: Option<String>,
    content_type: Option<Mime>,
    file: Bytes,
) -> (Bytes, HeaderMap) {
    let mut field = TestFormField::new(name, file);

    if let Some(filename) = filename {
        field = field.filename(filename);
    }

    if let Some(content_type) = content_type {
        field = field.content_type(content_type);
    }

    create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields([field])
}

/// Constructs a `multipart/form-data` payload from bytes and metadata with a fixed boundary.
///
/// See [`create_form_data_payload_and_headers`] for more details.
pub fn create_form_data_payload_and_headers_with_boundary(
    boundary: &str,
    name: &str,
    filename: Option<String>,
    content_type: Option<Mime>,
    file: Bytes,
) -> (Bytes, HeaderMap) {
    let mut field = TestFormField::new(name, file);

    if let Some(filename) = filename {
        field = field.filename(filename);
    }

    if let Some(content_type) = content_type {
        field = field.content_type(content_type);
    }

    create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields_with_boundary(boundary, [field])
}

/// Constructs a `multipart/form-data` payload from multiple fields.
///
/// Returned header map can be extended or merged with existing headers.
///
/// Multipart boundary used is a random alphanumeric string.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use actix_multipart::test::{
///     create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields, TestFormField,
/// };
/// use actix_web::{test::TestRequest, web::Bytes};
/// use memchr::memmem::find_iter;
///
/// let (body, headers) = create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields([
///     TestFormField::new("title", Bytes::from_static(b"Multipart support")),
///     TestFormField::new("tags", Bytes::from_static(b"tests")),
///     TestFormField::new("tags", Bytes::from_static(b"actix")),
/// ]);
///
/// assert_eq!(find_iter(&body, b"name=\"tags\"").count(), 2);
///
/// let req = headers
///     .into_iter()
///     .fold(TestRequest::post(), |req, hdr| req.insert_header(hdr))
///     .set_payload(body)
///     .to_http_request();
///
/// assert!(req.headers().contains_key("content-type"));
/// ```
pub fn create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields<'a>(
    fields: impl IntoIterator<Item = TestFormField<'a>>,
) -> (Bytes, HeaderMap) {
    let boundary = Alphanumeric.sample_string(&mut rand::rng(), 32);

    create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields_with_boundary(&boundary, fields)
}

/// Constructs a `multipart/form-data` payload from multiple fields with a fixed boundary.
// FIXME: terrible naming, but this is needed for compat with the current naming.
// Maybe we can rename the func here in a next major version.
pub fn create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields_with_boundary<'a>(
    boundary: &str,
    fields: impl IntoIterator<Item = TestFormField<'a>>,
) -> (Bytes, HeaderMap) {
    let fields = fields.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let mut buf = BytesMut::with_capacity(fields.iter().map(|field| field.data.len() + 128).sum());

    let boundary_str = [BOUNDARY_PREFIX, boundary].concat();
    let boundary = boundary_str.as_bytes();

    for field in fields {
        let TestFormField {
            name,
            filename,
            content_type,
            data,
        } = field;

        buf.put(HYPHENS);
        buf.put(boundary);
        buf.put(CRLF);

        buf.put(format!("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{name}\"").as_bytes());
        if let Some(filename) = filename {
            buf.put(format!("; filename=\"{filename}\"").as_bytes());
        }
        buf.put(CRLF);

        if let Some(ct) = content_type {
            buf.put(format!("Content-Type: {ct}").as_bytes());
            buf.put(CRLF);
        }

        buf.put(format!("Content-Length: {}", data.len()).as_bytes());
        buf.put(CRLF_CRLF);

        buf.put(data);
        buf.put(CRLF);
    }

    buf.put(HYPHENS);
    buf.put(boundary);
    buf.put(HYPHENS);
    buf.put(CRLF);

    let mut headers = HeaderMap::new();
    headers.insert(
        header::CONTENT_TYPE,
        format!("multipart/form-data; boundary=\"{boundary_str}\"")
            .parse()
            .unwrap(),
    );

    (buf.freeze(), headers)
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use std::convert::Infallible;

    use actix_web::{
        http::StatusCode,
        test::{call_service, init_service, TestRequest},
        web, App, HttpResponse, Responder,
    };
    use futures_util::stream;

    use super::*;
    use crate::form::{text::Text, MultipartForm};

    fn find_boundary(headers: &HeaderMap) -> String {
        headers
            .get("content-type")
            .unwrap()
            .to_str()
            .unwrap()
            .parse::<mime::Mime>()
            .unwrap()
            .get_param(mime::BOUNDARY)
            .unwrap()
            .as_str()
            .to_owned()
    }

    #[test]
    fn wire_format() {
        let (pl, headers) = create_form_data_payload_and_headers_with_boundary(
            "qWeRtYuIoP",
            "foo",
            None,
            None,
            Bytes::from_static(b"Lorem ipsum dolor\nsit ame."),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            find_boundary(&headers),
            "------------------------qWeRtYuIoP",
        );

        assert_eq!(
            std::str::from_utf8(&pl).unwrap(),
            "--------------------------qWeRtYuIoP\r\n\
            Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"foo\"\r\n\
            Content-Length: 26\r\n\
            \r\n\
            Lorem ipsum dolor\n\
            sit ame.\r\n\
            --------------------------qWeRtYuIoP--\r\n",
        );

        let (pl, _headers) = create_form_data_payload_and_headers_with_boundary(
            "qWeRtYuIoP",
            "foo",
            Some("Lorem.txt".to_owned()),
            Some(mime::TEXT_PLAIN_UTF_8),
            Bytes::from_static(b"Lorem ipsum dolor\nsit ame."),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            std::str::from_utf8(&pl).unwrap(),
            "--------------------------qWeRtYuIoP\r\n\
            Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"foo\"; filename=\"Lorem.txt\"\r\n\
            Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\r\n\
            Content-Length: 26\r\n\
            \r\n\
            Lorem ipsum dolor\n\
            sit ame.\r\n\
            --------------------------qWeRtYuIoP--\r\n",
        );

        let (pl, _headers) = create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields_with_boundary(
            "qWeRtYuIoP",
            [
                TestFormField::new("foo", Bytes::from_static(b"Lorem ipsum dolor\nsit ame.")),
                TestFormField::new("bar", Bytes::from_static(b"dolor sit")),
            ],
        );

        assert_eq!(
            std::str::from_utf8(&pl).unwrap(),
            "--------------------------qWeRtYuIoP\r\n\
            Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"foo\"\r\n\
            Content-Length: 26\r\n\
            \r\n\
            Lorem ipsum dolor\n\
            sit ame.\r\n\
            --------------------------qWeRtYuIoP\r\n\
            Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"bar\"\r\n\
            Content-Length: 9\r\n\
            \r\n\
            dolor sit\r\n\
            --------------------------qWeRtYuIoP--\r\n",
        );
    }

    /// Test using an external library to prevent the two-wrongs-make-a-right class of errors.
    #[actix_web::test]
    async fn ecosystem_compat() {
        let (pl, headers) = create_form_data_payload_and_headers(
            "foo",
            None,
            None,
            Bytes::from_static(b"Lorem ipsum dolor\nsit ame."),
        );

        let boundary = find_boundary(&headers);

        let pl = stream::once(async { Ok::<_, Infallible>(pl) });

        let mut form = multer::Multipart::new(pl, boundary);
        let field = form.next_field().await.unwrap().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(field.name().unwrap(), "foo");
        assert_eq!(field.file_name(), None);
        assert_eq!(field.content_type(), None);
        assert!(field.bytes().await.unwrap().starts_with(b"Lorem"));
    }

    #[derive(MultipartForm)]
    struct TestMultipartRequestForm {
        title: Text<String>,
        tags: Vec<Text<String>>,
    }

    async fn multipart_test_request_route(
        form: MultipartForm<TestMultipartRequestForm>,
    ) -> impl Responder {
        let form = form.into_inner();

        assert_eq!(form.title.into_inner(), "Multipart support");
        assert_eq!(
            form.tags
                .into_iter()
                .map(Text::into_inner)
                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
            vec!["tests", "actix"],
        );

        HttpResponse::Ok().finish()
    }

    #[actix_web::test]
    async fn test_request_compat() {
        let app =
            init_service(App::new().route("/", web::post().to(multipart_test_request_route))).await;

        let (body, headers) = create_form_data_payload_and_headers_from_fields([
            TestFormField::new("title", Bytes::from_static(b"Multipart support")),
            TestFormField::new("tags", Bytes::from_static(b"tests")),
            TestFormField::new("tags", Bytes::from_static(b"actix")),
        ]);

        let req = headers
            .into_iter()
            .fold(TestRequest::post().uri("/"), |req, header| {
                req.insert_header(header)
            })
            .set_payload(body)
            .to_request();

        let res = call_service(&app, req).await;
        assert_eq!(res.status(), StatusCode::OK);
    }
}