.cspell.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
 version: "0.2"
 words:
   - actix
-  - addrs
-  - httparse
-  - msrv
-  - rustup
-  - zstd

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 version: 2
 updates:
-  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
-    directory: /
-    schedule:
-      interval: weekly
   - package-ecosystem: cargo
     directory: /
     schedule:
       interval: weekly
-    versioning-strategy: lockfile-only
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: /
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly

.github/workflows/ci-post-merge.yml

@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ jobs:
           echo "RUSTFLAGS=-C target-feature=+crt-static" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Install Rust (${{ matrix.version.name }})
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ matrix.version.version }}
 
       - name: Install just, cargo-hack, cargo-nextest, cargo-ci-cache-clean
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just,cargo-hack,cargo-nextest,cargo-ci-cache-clean
 
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ jobs:
         uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
 
       - name: Install Rust
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
 
       - name: Install just, cargo-hack
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just,cargo-hack
 

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ jobs:
         uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
 
       - name: Install Rust (${{ matrix.version.name }})
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ matrix.version.version }}
 
       - name: Install just, cargo-hack, cargo-nextest, cargo-ci-cache-clean
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just,cargo-hack,cargo-nextest,cargo-ci-cache-clean
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
 
@@ -108,12 +108,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (nightly)
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
 
       - name: Install just
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just
 

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (nightly)
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
           components: llvm-tools
 
       - name: Install just, cargo-llvm-cov, cargo-nextest
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just,cargo-llvm-cov,cargo-nextest
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
         run: just test-coverage-codecov
 
       - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5.4.2
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5.4.0
         with:
           files: codecov.json
           fail_ci_if_error: true

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (nightly)
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
           components: rustfmt
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           components: clippy
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (nightly)
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
           components: rust-docs
@@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (${{ vars.RUST_VERSION_EXTERNAL_TYPES }})
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ vars.RUST_VERSION_EXTERNAL_TYPES }}
 
       - name: Install just
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just
 

Cargo.lock

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "openssl",
  "percent-encoding",
  "pin-project-lite",
- "rand 0.9.1",
+ "rand 0.9.0",
  "rcgen",
  "regex",
  "rustls 0.23.25",
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "memchr",
  "mime",
  "multer",
- "rand 0.9.1",
+ "rand 0.9.0",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "serde_plain",
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "actix-server"
-version = "2.6.0"
+version = "2.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a65064ea4a457eaf07f2fba30b4c695bf43b721790e9530d26cb6f9019ff7502"
+checksum = "6398974fd4284f4768af07965701efbbb5fdc0616bff20cade1bb14b77675e24"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-rt",
  "actix-service",
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "openssl",
  "pin-project-lite",
- "rand 0.9.1",
+ "rand 0.9.0",
  "rcgen",
  "regex",
  "regex-lite",
@@ -397,7 +397,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "static_assertions",
  "time",
  "tokio",
- "tokio-util",
  "tracing",
  "url",
  "zstd",
@@ -651,7 +650,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "openssl",
  "percent-encoding",
  "pin-project-lite",
- "rand 0.9.1",
+ "rand 0.9.0",
  "rcgen",
  "rustls 0.20.9",
  "rustls 0.21.12",
@@ -763,9 +762,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "brotli"
-version = "8.0.0"
+version = "7.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cf19e729cdbd51af9a397fb9ef8ac8378007b797f8273cfbfdf45dcaa316167b"
+checksum = "cc97b8f16f944bba54f0433f07e30be199b6dc2bd25937444bbad560bcea29bd"
 dependencies = [
  "alloc-no-stdlib",
  "alloc-stdlib",
@@ -774,9 +773,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "brotli-decompressor"
-version = "5.0.0"
+version = "4.0.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "874bb8112abecc98cbd6d81ea4fa7e94fb9449648c93cc89aa40c81c24d7de03"
+checksum = "74fa05ad7d803d413eb8380983b092cbbaf9a85f151b871360e7b00cd7060b37"
 dependencies = [
  "alloc-no-stdlib",
  "alloc-stdlib",
@@ -1212,9 +1211,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "divan"
-version = "0.1.21"
+version = "0.1.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a405457ec78b8fe08b0e32b4a3570ab5dff6dd16eb9e76a5ee0a9d9cbd898933"
+checksum = "009c56317fe2bd3b5eebe3aa888828c62ed1b085d26c1ef2079a60369795765e"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "clap",
@@ -1226,9 +1225,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "divan-macros"
-version = "0.1.21"
+version = "0.1.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9556bc800956545d6420a640173e5ba7dfa82f38d3ea5a167eb555bc69ac3323"
+checksum = "0f4de9827ae754db91aedec0277381f5a2d8e2f801564c8d774acfe1ab1b045e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -2362,9 +2361,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.95"
+version = "1.0.94"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "02b3e5e68a3a1a02aad3ec490a98007cbc13c37cbe84a3cd7b8e406d76e7f778"
+checksum = "a31971752e70b8b2686d7e46ec17fb38dad4051d94024c88df49b667caea9c84"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -2397,12 +2396,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rand"
-version = "0.9.1"
+version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9fbfd9d094a40bf3ae768db9361049ace4c0e04a4fd6b359518bd7b73a73dd97"
+checksum = "3779b94aeb87e8bd4e834cee3650289ee9e0d5677f976ecdb6d219e5f4f6cd94"
 dependencies = [
  "rand_chacha 0.9.0",
  "rand_core 0.9.3",
+ "zerocopy",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3103,9 +3103,9 @@ checksum = "1f3ccbac311fea05f86f61904b462b55fb3df8837a366dfc601a0161d0532f20"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio"
-version = "1.45.0"
+version = "1.44.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2513ca694ef9ede0fb23fe71a4ee4107cb102b9dc1930f6d0fd77aae068ae165"
+checksum = "e6b88822cbe49de4185e3a4cbf8321dd487cf5fe0c5c65695fef6346371e9c48"
 dependencies = [
  "backtrace",
  "bytes",
@@ -3211,9 +3211,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-util"
-version = "0.7.15"
+version = "0.7.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "66a539a9ad6d5d281510d5bd368c973d636c02dbf8a67300bfb6b950696ad7df"
+checksum = "6b9590b93e6fcc1739458317cccd391ad3955e2bde8913edf6f95f9e65a8f034"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures-core",

actix-http/CHANGES.md

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 
-- Update `brotli` dependency to `8`.
-
 ## 3.10.0
 
 ### Added

actix-http/Cargo.toml

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ sha1 = { version = "0.10", optional = true }
 actix-tls = { version = "3.4", default-features = false, optional = true }
 
 # compress-*
-brotli = { version = "8", optional = true }
+brotli = { version = "7", optional = true }
 flate2 = { version = "1.0.13", optional = true }
 zstd = { version = "0.13", optional = true }
 

actix-http/examples/streaming-error.rs

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
 
                         actix_rt::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
 
-                        yield Err(io::Error::other("abc"));
+                        yield Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "abc"));
                     })))
                 })
                 .tcp()

actix-http/src/body/utils.rs

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[actix_rt::test]
     async fn to_body_limit_error() {
-        let err_stream = stream::once(async { Err(io::Error::other("")) });
+        let err_stream = stream::once(async { Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "")) });
         let body = SizedStream::new(8, err_stream);
         // not too big, but propagates error from body stream
         assert!(to_bytes_limited(body, 10).await.unwrap().is_err());

actix-http/src/encoding/decoder.rs

@@ -100,7 +100,10 @@ where
         loop {
             if let Some(ref mut fut) = this.fut {
                 let (chunk, decoder) = ready!(Pin::new(fut).poll(cx)).map_err(|_| {
-                    PayloadError::Io(io::Error::other("Blocking task was cancelled unexpectedly"))
+                    PayloadError::Io(io::Error::new(
+                        io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                        "Blocking task was cancelled unexpectedly",
+                    ))
                 })??;
 
                 *this.decoder = Some(decoder);

actix-http/src/encoding/encoder.rs

@@ -183,7 +183,8 @@ where
             if let Some(ref mut fut) = this.fut {
                 let mut encoder = ready!(Pin::new(fut).poll(cx))
                     .map_err(|_| {
-                        EncoderError::Io(io::Error::other(
+                        EncoderError::Io(io::Error::new(
+                            io::ErrorKind::Other,
                             "Blocking task was cancelled unexpectedly",
                         ))
                     })?

actix-http/src/error.rs

@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_as_response() {
-        let orig = io::Error::other("other");
+        let orig = io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "other");
         let err: Error = ParseError::Io(orig).into();
         assert_eq!(
             format!("{}", err),
@@ -425,14 +425,14 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_error_display() {
-        let orig = io::Error::other("other");
+        let orig = io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "other");
         let err = Error::new_io().with_cause(orig);
         assert_eq!("connection error: other", err.to_string());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_error_http_response() {
-        let orig = io::Error::other("other");
+        let orig = io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "other");
         let err = Error::new_io().with_cause(orig);
         let resp: Response<BoxBody> = err.into();
         assert_eq!(resp.status(), StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_payload_error() {
-        let err: PayloadError = io::Error::other("ParseError").into();
+        let err: PayloadError = io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "ParseError").into();
         assert!(err.to_string().contains("ParseError"));
 
         let err = PayloadError::Incomplete(None);
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_from() {
-        from_and_cause!(io::Error::other("other") => ParseError::Io(..));
+        from_and_cause!(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "other") => ParseError::Io(..));
         from!(httparse::Error::HeaderName => ParseError::Header);
         from!(httparse::Error::HeaderName => ParseError::Header);
         from!(httparse::Error::HeaderValue => ParseError::Header);

actix-http/src/h1/encoder.rs

@@ -310,10 +310,10 @@ impl MessageType for RequestHeadType {
                 Version::HTTP_11 => "HTTP/1.1",
                 Version::HTTP_2 => "HTTP/2.0",
                 Version::HTTP_3 => "HTTP/3.0",
-                _ => return Err(io::Error::other("Unsupported version")),
+                _ => return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "unsupported version")),
             }
         )
-        .map_err(io::Error::other)
+        .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, err))
     }
 }
 
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ impl TransferEncoding {
                     buf.extend_from_slice(b"0\r\n\r\n");
                 } else {
                     writeln!(helpers::MutWriter(buf), "{:X}\r", msg.len())
-                        .map_err(io::Error::other)?;
+                        .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, err))?;
 
                     buf.reserve(msg.len() + 2);
                     buf.extend_from_slice(msg);

actix-web-actors/src/ws.rs

@@ -776,7 +776,10 @@ where
                     }
                     Poll::Pending => break,
                     Poll::Ready(Some(Err(err))) => {
-                        return Poll::Ready(Some(Err(ProtocolError::Io(io::Error::other(err)))));
+                        return Poll::Ready(Some(Err(ProtocolError::Io(io::Error::new(
+                            io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                            format!("{err}"),
+                        )))));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -792,10 +795,11 @@ where
             }
             Some(frm) => {
                 let msg = match frm {
-                    Frame::Text(data) => Message::Text(
+                    Frame::Text(data) => {
-                        ByteString::try_from(data)
+                        Message::Text(ByteString::try_from(data).map_err(|err| {
-                            .map_err(|err| ProtocolError::Io(io::Error::other(err)))?,
+                            ProtocolError::Io(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, err))
-                    ),
+                        })?)
+                    }
                     Frame::Binary(data) => Message::Binary(data),
                     Frame::Ping(s) => Message::Ping(s),
                     Frame::Pong(s) => Message::Pong(s),

actix-web/CHANGES.md

@@ -2,11 +2,6 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 
-- Add `HttpServer::shutdown_signal()` method.
-- Mark `HttpServer` as `#[must_use]`.
-- Re-export `mime` dependency.
-- Update `brotli` dependency to `8`.
-
 ## 4.10.2
 
 - No significant changes since `4.10.1`.

actix-web/Cargo.toml

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ compat-routing-macros-force-pub = ["actix-web-codegen?/compat-routing-macros-for
 actix-codec = "0.5"
 actix-macros = { version = "0.2.3", optional = true }
 actix-rt = { version = "2.6", default-features = false }
-actix-server = "2.6"
+actix-server = "2"
 actix-service = "2"
 actix-utils = "3"
 actix-tls = { version = "3.4", default-features = false, optional = true }
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ actix-files = "0.6"
 actix-test = { version = "0.1", features = ["openssl", "rustls-0_23"] }
 awc = { version = "3", features = ["openssl"] }
 
-brotli = "8"
+brotli = "7"
 const-str = "0.5"
 core_affinity = "0.8"
 criterion = { version = "0.5", features = ["html_reports"] }
@@ -188,7 +188,6 @@ static_assertions = "1"
 tls-openssl = { package = "openssl", version = "0.10.55" }
 tls-rustls = { package = "rustls", version = "0.23" }
 tokio = { version = "1.24.2", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros"] }
-tokio-util = "0.7"
 zstd = "0.13"
 
 [lints]

actix-web/src/server.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 use std::{
     any::Any,
-    cmp, fmt,
+    cmp, fmt, io,
-    future::Future,
-    io,
     marker::PhantomData,
     net,
     sync::{Arc, Mutex},
@@ -66,7 +64,6 @@ struct Config {
 ///     .await
 /// }
 /// ```
-#[must_use]
 pub struct HttpServer<F, I, S, B>
 where
     F: Fn() -> I + Send + Clone + 'static,
@@ -315,37 +312,6 @@ where
         self
     }
 
-    /// Specify shutdown signal from a future.
-    ///
-    /// Using this method will prevent OS signal handlers being set up.
-    ///
-    /// Typically, a `CancellationToken` will be used, but any future _can_ be.
-    ///
-    /// # Examples
-    ///
-    /// ```no_run
-    /// use actix_web::{App, HttpServer};
-    /// use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
-    ///
-    /// # #[actix_web::main]
-    /// # async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
-    /// let stop_signal = CancellationToken::new();
-    ///
-    /// HttpServer::new(move || App::new())
-    ///     .shutdown_signal(stop_signal.cancelled_owned())
-    ///     .bind(("127.0.0.1", 8080))?
-    ///     .run()
-    ///     .await
-    /// # }
-    /// ```
-    pub fn shutdown_signal<Fut>(mut self, shutdown_signal: Fut) -> Self
-    where
-        Fut: Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static,
-    {
-        self.builder = self.builder.shutdown_signal(shutdown_signal);
-        self
-    }
-
     /// Sets timeout for graceful worker shutdown of workers.
     ///
     /// After receiving a stop signal, workers have this much time to finish serving requests.
@@ -1107,7 +1073,10 @@ fn bind_addrs(addrs: impl net::ToSocketAddrs, backlog: u32) -> io::Result<Vec<ne
     } else if let Some(err) = err.take() {
         Err(err)
     } else {
-        Err(io::Error::other("Could not bind to address"))
+        Err(io::Error::new(
+            io::ErrorKind::Other,
+            "Can not bind to address.",
+        ))
     }
 }
 

awc/CHANGES.md

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 
-- Update `brotli` dependency to `8`.
-
 ## 3.6.0
 
 - Prevent panics on connection pool drop when Tokio runtime is shutdown early.

awc/Cargo.toml

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ actix-tls = { version = "3.4", features = ["openssl", "rustls-0_23"] }
 actix-utils = "3"
 actix-web = { version = "4", features = ["openssl"] }
 
-brotli = "8"
+brotli = "7"
 const-str = "0.5"
 env_logger = "0.11"
 flate2 = "1.0.13"

awc/src/client/pool.rs

@@ -179,8 +179,9 @@ where
                 .acquire_owned()
                 .await
                 .map_err(|_| {
-                    ConnectError::Io(io::Error::other(
+                    ConnectError::Io(io::Error::new(
-                        "Failed to acquire semaphore on client connection pool",
+                        io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                        "failed to acquire semaphore on client connection pool",
                     ))
                 })?;
 

justfile

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 _list:
     @just --list
 
-toolchain := ""
-
 # Format workspace.
 fmt:
     just --unstable --fmt
@@ -12,11 +10,11 @@ fmt:
 # Downgrade dependencies necessary to run MSRV checks/tests.
 [private]
 downgrade-for-msrv:
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=divan --precise=0.1.15 # next ver: 1.80.0
+    cargo update -p=clap --precise=4.4.18 # next ver: 1.74.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=half --precise=2.4.1 # next ver: 1.81.0
+    cargo update -p=divan --precise=0.1.15 # next ver: 1.80.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=litemap --precise=0.7.4 # next ver: 1.81.0
+    cargo update -p=litemap --precise=0.7.4 # next ver: 1.81.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=zerofrom --precise=0.1.5 # next ver: 1.81.0
+    cargo update -p=zerofrom --precise=0.1.5 # next ver: 1.81.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=idna_adapter --precise=1.2.0 # next ver: 1.82.0
+    cargo update -p=half --precise=2.4.1 # next ver: 1.81.0
 
 msrv := ```
     cargo metadata --format-version=1 \
@@ -42,43 +40,41 @@ check-default:
     cargo hack --workspace check
 
 # Run Clippy over workspace.
-check: && clippy
+check toolchain="": && (clippy toolchain)
 
 # Run Clippy over workspace.
-clippy:
+clippy toolchain="":
     cargo {{ toolchain }} clippy --workspace --all-targets {{ all_crate_features }}
 
 # Test workspace using MSRV.
-test-msrv:
+test-msrv: downgrade-for-msrv (test msrv_rustup)
-    @just toolchain={{ msrv_rustup }} downgrade-for-msrv
-    @just toolchain={{ msrv_rustup }} test
 
 # Test workspace code.
-test:
+test toolchain="":
     cargo {{ toolchain }} test --lib --tests -p=actix-web-codegen --all-features
     cargo {{ toolchain }} test --lib --tests -p=actix-multipart-derive --all-features
     cargo {{ toolchain }} nextest run --no-tests=warn -p=actix-router --no-default-features
     cargo {{ toolchain }} nextest run --no-tests=warn --workspace --exclude=actix-web-codegen --exclude=actix-multipart-derive {{ all_crate_features }} --filter-expr="not test(test_reading_deflate_encoding_large_random_rustls)"
 
 # Test workspace docs.
-test-docs: && doc
+test-docs toolchain="": && doc
     cargo {{ toolchain }} test --doc --workspace {{ all_crate_features }} --no-fail-fast -- --nocapture
 
 # Test workspace.
-test-all: test test-docs
+test-all toolchain="": (test toolchain) (test-docs toolchain)
 
 # Test workspace and collect coverage info.
 [private]
-test-coverage:
+test-coverage toolchain="":
     cargo {{ toolchain }} llvm-cov nextest --no-tests=warn --no-report {{ all_crate_features }}
     cargo {{ toolchain }} llvm-cov --doc --no-report {{ all_crate_features }}
 
 # Test workspace and generate Codecov report.
-test-coverage-codecov: test-coverage
+test-coverage-codecov toolchain="": (test-coverage toolchain)
     cargo {{ toolchain }} llvm-cov report --doctests --codecov --output-path=codecov.json
 
 # Test workspace and generate LCOV report.
-test-coverage-lcov: test-coverage
+test-coverage-lcov toolchain="": (test-coverage toolchain)
     cargo {{ toolchain }} llvm-cov report --doctests --lcov --output-path=lcov.info
 
 # Document crates in workspace.