.cspell.yml

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-version: "0.2"
-words:
-  - actix
-  - addrs
-  - mptcp
-  - nonblocking
-  - oneshot
-  - rustup

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -8,4 +8,3 @@ updates:
     directory: /
     schedule:
       interval: weekly
-    versioning-strategy: lockfile-only

.github/workflows/ci-post-merge.yml

@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ jobs:
           echo "RUSTFLAGS=-C target-feature=+crt-static" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Install Rust (${{ matrix.version }})
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ matrix.version }}
 
       - name: Install just, cargo-hack, cargo-nextest, cargo-ci-cache-clean
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just,cargo-hack,cargo-nextest,cargo-ci-cache-clean
 
@@ -116,12 +116,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (nightly)
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
 
       - name: Install cargo-hack & cargo-minimal-versions
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: cargo-hack,cargo-minimal-versions
 

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -68,12 +68,12 @@ jobs:
           echo "RUSTFLAGS=-C target-feature=+crt-static" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Install Rust (${{ matrix.version.name }})
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ matrix.version.version }}
 
       - name: Install just, cargo-hack, cargo-nextest, cargo-ci-cache-clean
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just,cargo-hack,cargo-nextest,cargo-ci-cache-clean
 
@@ -120,12 +120,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (nightly)
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
 
       - name: Install just
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just
 

.github/workflows/coverage.yml

@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           components: llvm-tools-preview
 
       - name: Install cargo-llvm-cov
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: cargo-llvm-cov
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
         run: cargo llvm-cov --workspace --all-features --codecov --output-path codecov.json
 
       - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5.4.2
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5.4.0
         with:
           files: codecov.json
           fail_ci_if_error: true

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
           components: rustfmt
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with: { components: clippy }
 
       - uses: giraffate/clippy-action@v1.0.1
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Rust (${{ vars.RUST_VERSION_EXTERNAL_TYPES }})
-        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.12.0
+        uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1.11.0
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ vars.RUST_VERSION_EXTERNAL_TYPES }}
 
       - name: Install just
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.50.10
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2.49.45
         with:
           tool: just
 

actix-rt/src/system.rs

@@ -187,7 +187,10 @@ impl SystemRunner {
 
         match exit_code {
             0 => Ok(()),
-            nonzero => Err(io::Error::other(format!("Non-zero exit code: {}", nonzero))),
+            nonzero => Err(io::Error::new(
+                io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                format!("Non-zero exit code: {}", nonzero),
+            )),
         }
     }
 
@@ -196,7 +199,8 @@ impl SystemRunner {
         let SystemRunner { rt, stop_rx, .. } = self;
 
         // run loop
-        rt.block_on(stop_rx).map_err(io::Error::other)
+        rt.block_on(stop_rx)
+            .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, err))
     }
 
     /// Retrieves a reference to the underlying [Actix runtime](crate::Runtime) associated with this

actix-server/CHANGES.md

@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 
-## 2.6.0
-
-- Add `ServerBuilder::shutdown_signal()` method.
 - Minimum supported Rust version (MSRV) is now 1.74.
 
 ## 2.5.1

actix-server/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "actix-server"
-version = "2.6.0"
+version = "2.5.1"
 authors = [
   "Nikolay Kim <fafhrd91@gmail.com>",
   "Rob Ede <robjtede@icloud.com>",
@@ -44,10 +44,7 @@ actix-rt = "2.8"
 bytes = "1"
 futures-util = { version = "0.3.17", default-features = false, features = ["sink", "async-await-macro"] }
 pretty_env_logger = "0.5"
-static_assertions = "1"
+tokio = { version = "1.44.2", features = ["io-util", "rt-multi-thread", "macros", "fs"] }
-tokio = { version = "1.44.2", features = ["io-util", "rt-multi-thread", "macros", "fs", "time"] }
-tokio-util = "0.7"
-tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["fmt", "env-filter"] }
 
 [lints]
 workspace = true

actix-server/README.md

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 <!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
 
 [![crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/actix-server?label=latest)](https://crates.io/crates/actix-server)
-[![Documentation](https://docs.rs/actix-server/badge.svg?version=2.6.0)](https://docs.rs/actix-server/2.6.0)
+[![Documentation](https://docs.rs/actix-server/badge.svg?version=2.5.1)](https://docs.rs/actix-server/2.5.1)
 [![Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/rustc-1.52+-ab6000.svg)](https://blog.rust-lang.org/2021/05/06/Rust-1.52.0.html)
 ![MIT or Apache 2.0 licensed](https://img.shields.io/crates/l/actix-server.svg)
 <br />
-[![Dependency Status](https://deps.rs/crate/actix-server/2.6.0/status.svg)](https://deps.rs/crate/actix-server/2.6.0)
+[![Dependency Status](https://deps.rs/crate/actix-server/2.5.1/status.svg)](https://deps.rs/crate/actix-server/2.5.1)
 ![Download](https://img.shields.io/crates/d/actix-server.svg)
 [![Chat on Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/771444961383153695?label=chat&logo=discord)](https://discord.gg/NWpN5mmg3x)
 

actix-server/examples/shutdown-signal.rs

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-//! Demonstrates use of the `ServerBuilder::shutdown_signal` method using `tokio-util`s
-//! `CancellationToken` helper using a nonsensical timer. In practice, this cancellation token would
-//! be wired throughout your application and typically triggered by OS signals elsewhere.
-
-use std::{io, time::Duration};
-
-use actix_rt::net::TcpStream;
-use actix_server::Server;
-use actix_service::fn_service;
-use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
-use tracing::level_filters::LevelFilter;
-use tracing_subscriber::{prelude::*, EnvFilter};
-
-async fn run(stop_signal: CancellationToken) -> io::Result<()> {
-    tracing_subscriber::registry()
-        .with(tracing_subscriber::fmt::layer())
-        .with(
-            EnvFilter::builder()
-                .with_default_directive(LevelFilter::INFO.into())
-                .from_env_lossy(),
-        )
-        .init();
-
-    let addr = ("127.0.0.1", 8080);
-    tracing::info!("starting server on port: {}", &addr.0);
-
-    Server::build()
-        .bind("shutdown-signal", addr, || {
-            fn_service(|_stream: TcpStream| async { Ok::<_, io::Error>(()) })
-        })?
-        .shutdown_signal(stop_signal.cancelled_owned())
-        .workers(2)
-        .run()
-        .await
-}
-
-#[tokio::main]
-async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
-    let stop_signal = CancellationToken::new();
-
-    tokio::spawn({
-        let stop_signal = stop_signal.clone();
-        async move {
-            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(10)).await;
-            stop_signal.cancel();
-        }
-    });
-
-    run(stop_signal).await?;
-    Ok(())
-}

actix-server/src/accept.rs

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ impl Accept {
         let accept_handle = thread::Builder::new()
             .name("actix-server acceptor".to_owned())
             .spawn(move || accept.poll_with(&mut sockets))
-            .map_err(io::Error::other)?;
+            .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, err))?;
 
         Ok((waker_queue, handles_server, accept_handle))
     }

actix-server/src/builder.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-use std::{future::Future, io, num::NonZeroUsize, time::Duration};
+use std::{io, num::NonZeroUsize, time::Duration};
 
 use actix_rt::net::TcpStream;
-use futures_core::future::BoxFuture;
 use tokio::sync::mpsc::{unbounded_channel, UnboundedReceiver, UnboundedSender};
 
 use crate::{
@@ -40,7 +39,6 @@ pub struct ServerBuilder {
     pub(crate) mptcp: MpTcp,
     pub(crate) exit: bool,
     pub(crate) listen_os_signals: bool,
-    pub(crate) shutdown_signal: Option<BoxFuture<'static, ()>>,
     pub(crate) cmd_tx: UnboundedSender<ServerCommand>,
     pub(crate) cmd_rx: UnboundedReceiver<ServerCommand>,
     pub(crate) worker_config: ServerWorkerConfig,
@@ -66,7 +64,6 @@ impl ServerBuilder {
             mptcp: MpTcp::Disabled,
             exit: false,
             listen_os_signals: true,
-            shutdown_signal: None,
             cmd_tx,
             cmd_rx,
             worker_config: ServerWorkerConfig::default(),
@@ -173,41 +170,6 @@ impl ServerBuilder {
         self
     }
 
-    /// Specify shutdown signal from a future.
-    ///
-    /// Using this method will prevent OS signal handlers being set up.
-    ///
-    /// Typically, a `CancellationToken` will be used, but any future _can_ be.
-    ///
-    /// # Examples
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// # use std::io;
-    /// # use tokio::net::TcpStream;
-    /// # use actix_server::Server;
-    /// # async fn run() -> io::Result<()> {
-    /// use actix_service::fn_service;
-    /// use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
-    ///
-    /// let stop_signal = CancellationToken::new();
-    ///
-    /// Server::build()
-    ///     .bind("shutdown-signal", "127.0.0.1:12345", || {
-    ///         fn_service(|_stream: TcpStream| async { Ok::<_, io::Error>(()) })
-    ///     })?
-    ///     .shutdown_signal(stop_signal.cancelled_owned())
-    ///     .run()
-    ///     .await
-    /// # }
-    /// ```
-    pub fn shutdown_signal<Fut>(mut self, shutdown_signal: Fut) -> Self
-    where
-        Fut: Future<Output = ()> + Send + 'static,
-    {
-        self.shutdown_signal = Some(Box::pin(shutdown_signal));
-        self
-    }
-
     /// Timeout for graceful workers shutdown in seconds.
     ///
     /// After receiving a stop signal, workers have this much time to finish serving requests.
@@ -408,6 +370,9 @@ pub(super) fn bind_addr<S: ToSocketAddrs>(
     } else if let Some(err) = opt_err.take() {
         Err(err)
     } else {
-        Err(io::Error::other("Can not bind to address."))
+        Err(io::Error::new(
+            io::ErrorKind::Other,
+            "Can not bind to address.",
+        ))
     }
 }

actix-server/src/server.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use crate::{
     builder::ServerBuilder,
     join_all::join_all,
     service::InternalServiceFactory,
-    signals::{OsSignals, SignalKind, StopSignal},
+    signals::{SignalKind, Signals},
     waker_queue::{WakerInterest, WakerQueue},
     worker::{ServerWorker, ServerWorkerConfig, WorkerHandleServer},
     ServerHandle,
@@ -210,12 +210,7 @@ impl ServerInner {
         let (waker_queue, worker_handles, accept_handle) = Accept::start(sockets, &builder)?;
 
         let mux = ServerEventMultiplexer {
-            signal_fut: builder.shutdown_signal.map(StopSignal::Cancel).or_else(|| {
+            signal_fut: (builder.listen_os_signals).then(Signals::new),
-                builder
-                    .listen_os_signals
-                    .then(OsSignals::new)
-                    .map(StopSignal::Os)
-            }),
             cmd_rx: builder.cmd_rx,
         };
 
@@ -320,16 +315,7 @@ impl ServerInner {
 
     fn map_signal(signal: SignalKind) -> ServerCommand {
         match signal {
-            SignalKind::Cancel => {
+            SignalKind::Int => {
-                info!("Cancellation token/channel received; starting graceful shutdown");
-                ServerCommand::Stop {
-                    graceful: true,
-                    completion: None,
-                    force_system_stop: true,
-                }
-            }
-
-            SignalKind::OsInt => {
                 info!("SIGINT received; starting forced shutdown");
                 ServerCommand::Stop {
                     graceful: false,
@@ -338,7 +324,7 @@ impl ServerInner {
                 }
             }
 
-            SignalKind::OsTerm => {
+            SignalKind::Term => {
                 info!("SIGTERM received; starting graceful shutdown");
                 ServerCommand::Stop {
                     graceful: true,
@@ -347,7 +333,7 @@ impl ServerInner {
                 }
             }
 
-            SignalKind::OsQuit => {
+            SignalKind::Quit => {
                 info!("SIGQUIT received; starting forced shutdown");
                 ServerCommand::Stop {
                     graceful: false,
@@ -361,7 +347,7 @@ impl ServerInner {
 
 struct ServerEventMultiplexer {
     cmd_rx: UnboundedReceiver<ServerCommand>,
-    signal_fut: Option<StopSignal>,
+    signal_fut: Option<Signals>,
 }
 
 impl Stream for ServerEventMultiplexer {

actix-server/src/signals.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 use std::{
     fmt,
     future::Future,
-    pin::{pin, Pin},
+    pin::Pin,
     task::{Context, Poll},
 };
 
-use futures_core::future::BoxFuture;
 use tracing::trace;
 
 /// Types of process signals.
@@ -13,51 +12,28 @@ use tracing::trace;
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 #[allow(dead_code)] // variants are never constructed on non-unix
 pub(crate) enum SignalKind {
-    /// Cancellation token or channel.
+    /// `SIGINT`
-    Cancel,
+    Int,
 
-    /// OS `SIGINT`.
+    /// `SIGTERM`
-    OsInt,
+    Term,
 
-    /// OS `SIGTERM`.
+    /// `SIGQUIT`
-    OsTerm,
+    Quit,
-
-    /// OS `SIGQUIT`.
-    OsQuit,
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for SignalKind {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         f.write_str(match self {
-            SignalKind::Cancel => "Cancellation token or channel",
+            SignalKind::Int => "SIGINT",
-            SignalKind::OsInt => "SIGINT",
+            SignalKind::Term => "SIGTERM",
-            SignalKind::OsTerm => "SIGTERM",
+            SignalKind::Quit => "SIGQUIT",
-            SignalKind::OsQuit => "SIGQUIT",
         })
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) enum StopSignal {
-    /// OS signal handling is configured.
-    Os(OsSignals),
-
-    /// Cancellation token or channel.
-    Cancel(BoxFuture<'static, ()>),
-}
-
-impl Future for StopSignal {
-    type Output = SignalKind;
-
-    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
-        match self.get_mut() {
-            StopSignal::Os(os_signals) => pin!(os_signals).poll(cx),
-            StopSignal::Cancel(cancel) => pin!(cancel).poll(cx).map(|()| SignalKind::Cancel),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /// Process signal listener.
-pub(crate) struct OsSignals {
+pub(crate) struct Signals {
     #[cfg(not(unix))]
     signals: futures_core::future::BoxFuture<'static, std::io::Result<()>>,
 
@@ -65,14 +41,14 @@ pub(crate) struct OsSignals {
     signals: Vec<(SignalKind, actix_rt::signal::unix::Signal)>,
 }
 
-impl OsSignals {
+impl Signals {
     /// Constructs an OS signal listening future.
     pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
         trace!("setting up OS signal listener");
 
         #[cfg(not(unix))]
         {
-            OsSignals {
+            Signals {
                 signals: Box::pin(actix_rt::signal::ctrl_c()),
             }
         }
@@ -82,9 +58,9 @@ impl OsSignals {
             use actix_rt::signal::unix;
 
             let sig_map = [
-                (unix::SignalKind::interrupt(), SignalKind::OsInt),
+                (unix::SignalKind::interrupt(), SignalKind::Int),
-                (unix::SignalKind::terminate(), SignalKind::OsTerm),
+                (unix::SignalKind::terminate(), SignalKind::Term),
-                (unix::SignalKind::quit(), SignalKind::OsQuit),
+                (unix::SignalKind::quit(), SignalKind::Quit),
             ];
 
             let signals = sig_map
@@ -103,18 +79,18 @@ impl OsSignals {
                 })
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-            OsSignals { signals }
+            Signals { signals }
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl Future for OsSignals {
+impl Future for Signals {
     type Output = SignalKind;
 
     fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
         #[cfg(not(unix))]
         {
-            self.signals.as_mut().poll(cx).map(|_| SignalKind::OsInt)
+            self.signals.as_mut().poll(cx).map(|_| SignalKind::Int)
         }
 
         #[cfg(unix)]
@@ -130,10 +106,3 @@ impl Future for OsSignals {
         }
     }
 }
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    static_assertions::assert_impl_all!(StopSignal: Send, Unpin);
-}

actix-server/src/worker.rs

@@ -341,10 +341,11 @@ impl ServerWorker {
                                     Ok((token, svc)) => services.push((idx, token, svc)),
 
                                     Err(err) => {
-                                        error!("can not start worker: {err:?}");
+                                        error!("can not start worker: {:?}", err);
-                                        return Err(io::Error::other(format!(
+                                        return Err(io::Error::new(
-                                            "can not start server service {idx}",
+                                            io::ErrorKind::Other,
-                                        )));
+                                            format!("can not start server service {}", idx),
+                                        ));
                                     }
                                 }
                             }
@@ -439,12 +440,13 @@ impl ServerWorker {
                                 Ok((token, svc)) => services.push((idx, token, svc)),
 
                                 Err(err) => {
-                                    error!("can not start worker: {err:?}");
+                                    error!("can not start worker: {:?}", err);
                                     Arbiter::current().stop();
                                     factory_tx
-                                        .send(Err(io::Error::other(format!(
+                                        .send(Err(io::Error::new(
-                                            "can not start server service {idx}",
+                                            io::ErrorKind::Other,
-                                        ))))
+                                            format!("can not start server service {}", idx),
+                                        )))
                                         .unwrap();
                                     return;
                                 }

actix-service/src/ready.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//! When MSRV is 1.82, replace with `core::future::Ready` and `core::future::ready()`.
+//! When MSRV is 1.48, replace with `core::future::Ready` and `core::future::ready()`.
 
 use core::{
     future::Future,

justfile

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 _list:
     @just --list
 
-toolchain := ""
-
 # Check project.
 check: && clippy
     just --unstable --fmt --check
@@ -23,11 +21,11 @@ fmt:
 # Downgrade dependencies necessary to run MSRV checks/tests.
 [private]
 downgrade-for-msrv:
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=native-tls --precise=0.2.13 # next ver: 1.80.0
+    cargo update -p=clap --precise=4.4.18 # next ver: 1.74.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=idna_adapter --precise=1.2.0 # next ver: 1.82.0
+    cargo update -p=native-tls --precise=0.2.13 # next ver: 1.80.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=litemap --precise=0.7.4 # next ver: 1.81.0
+    cargo update -p=litemap --precise=0.7.4 # next ver: 1.81.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=zerofrom --precise=0.1.5 # next ver: 1.81.0
+    cargo update -p=zerofrom --precise=0.1.5 # next ver: 1.81.0
-    cargo {{ toolchain }} update -p=half --precise=2.4.1 # next ver: 1.81.0
+    cargo update -p=half --precise=2.4.1 # next ver: 1.81.0
 
 msrv := ```
     cargo metadata --format-version=1 \
@@ -45,39 +43,37 @@ non_linux_all_features_list := ```
 all_crate_features := if os() == "linux" { "--all-features" } else { "--features='" + non_linux_all_features_list + "'" }
 
 # Run Clippy over workspace.
-clippy:
+clippy toolchain="":
     cargo {{ toolchain }} clippy --workspace --all-targets {{ all_crate_features }}
 
 # Run Clippy using MSRV.
-clippy-msrv: downgrade-for-msrv
+clippy-msrv: downgrade-for-msrv (clippy msrv_rustup)
-    @just toolchain={{ msrv_rustup }} clippy
 
 # Test workspace code.
 [macos]
 [windows]
-test:
+test toolchain="":
     cargo {{ toolchain }} test --lib --tests --package=actix-macros
     cargo {{ toolchain }} nextest run --no-tests=warn --workspace --exclude=actix-macros --no-default-features
     cargo {{ toolchain }} nextest run --no-tests=warn --workspace --exclude=actix-macros {{ all_crate_features }}
 
 # Test workspace code.
 [linux]
-test:
+test toolchain="":
     cargo {{ toolchain }} test --lib --tests --package=actix-macros
     cargo {{ toolchain }} nextest run --no-tests=warn --workspace --exclude=actix-macros --no-default-features
     cargo {{ toolchain }} nextest run --no-tests=warn --workspace --exclude=actix-macros {{ non_linux_all_features_list }}
     cargo {{ toolchain }} nextest run --no-tests=warn --workspace --exclude=actix-macros {{ all_crate_features }}
 
 # Test workspace using MSRV.
-test-msrv: downgrade-for-msrv
+test-msrv: downgrade-for-msrv (test msrv_rustup)
-    @just toolchain={{ msrv_rustup }} test
 
 # Test workspace docs.
-test-docs: && doc
+test-docs toolchain="": && doc
     cargo {{ toolchain }} test --doc --workspace {{ all_crate_features }} --no-fail-fast -- --nocapture
 
 # Test workspace.
-test-all: test test-docs
+test-all toolchain="": (test toolchain) (test-docs toolchain)
 
 # Document crates in workspace.
 doc *args: && doc-set-workspace-crates
@@ -100,12 +96,12 @@ doc-watch:
     cargo watch -- just doc
 
 # Check for unintentional external type exposure on all crates in workspace.
-check-external-types-all:
+check-external-types-all toolchain="+nightly":
     #!/usr/bin/env bash
     set -euo pipefail
     exit=0
     for f in $(find . -mindepth 2 -maxdepth 2 -name Cargo.toml | grep -vE "\-codegen/|\-derive/|\-macros/"); do
-        if ! just toolchain="+nightly" check-external-types-manifest "$f"; then exit=1; fi
+        if ! just check-external-types-manifest "$f" {{ toolchain }}; then exit=1; fi
         echo
         echo
     done
@@ -118,9 +114,9 @@ check-external-types-all-table toolchain="+nightly":
     for f in $(find . -mindepth 2 -maxdepth 2 -name Cargo.toml | grep -vE "\-codegen/|\-derive/|\-macros/"); do
         echo
         echo "Checking for $f"
-        just toolchain="+nightly" check-external-types-manifest "$f" --output-format=markdown-table
+        just check-external-types-manifest "$f" {{ toolchain }} --output-format=markdown-table
     done
 
 # Check for unintentional external type exposure on a crate.
-check-external-types-manifest manifest_path *extra_args="":
+check-external-types-manifest manifest_path toolchain="+nightly" *extra_args="":
     cargo {{ toolchain }} check-external-types --manifest-path "{{ manifest_path }}" {{ extra_args }}